BMJ  2004;328:754-756 (27 March), doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7442.754

Clinical review

Evidence based case report

Perimacular retinal folds from childhood head trauma

P E Lantz, associate professor1, S H Sinal, professor2, C A Stanton, associate professor1, R G Weaver, Jr, associate professor3

1 Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA, 2 Department of Paediatrics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 3 Department of Ophthalmology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine

Correspondence to: P E Lantz plantz@wfubmc.edu

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

Introduction

A previously healthy 14 month old child was transferred to our medical centre with a severe head injury. The father had collected the boy and his 3 year old brother from their mother at his workplace car park and taken them home while their mother went to work. The children had been watching television while the father prepared dinner. After hearing something fall, the father found the boy on the floor with the television covering the right side of the head and anterior chest. A homemade television stand was partially across the child's lower legs. His older brother stated, "television fell." As soon as the father removed the television, he noticed the child's head beginning to swell. A neighbour drove them to the local hospital. According to the father and the neighbour, the child never stopped breathing and no resuscitative efforts were attempted.

Cranial computed tomography showed extensive head injuries. . . . [Full text of this article]

-->

Postmortem evidence

-->

Search for published evidence

Results

Supporting evidence

Discussion


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Complore Complore   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati    What's this?

Related Articles

The evidence base for shaken baby syndrome: Response to editorial from 106 doctors
Robert M Reece
BMJ 2004 328: 1316-1317. [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]

The evidence base for shaken baby syndrome: Authors' reply
J F Geddes and J Plunkett
BMJ 2004 328: 1317. [Extract] [Full Text]

The evidence base for shaken baby syndrome
J F Geddes and J Plunkett
BMJ 2004 328: 719-720. [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Shaken baby syndrome
Brian Harding, R Anthony Risdon, and Henry F Krous
BMJ 2004 328: 720-721. [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Patterns of presentation of the shaken baby syndrome: Four types of inflicted brain injury predominate
Robert A Minns and Anthony Busuttil
BMJ 2004 328: 766. [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Patterns of presentation of the shaken baby syndrome: Subdural and retinal haemorrhages are not necessarily signs of abuse
James LeFanu and Rioch Edwards-Brown
BMJ 2004 328: 767. [Extract] [Full Text]

Reluctance in child protection must be for several reasons
Ashok Beckaya
BMJ 2004 328: 767. [Extract] [Full Text]

This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Kivlin, J. D., Currie, M. L., Greenbaum, V. J., Simons, K. B., Jentzen, J. (2008). Retinal Hemorrhages in Children Following Fatal Motor Vehicle Crashes: A Case Series. Arch Ophthalmol 126: 800-804 [Abstract] [Full text]  
  • Gardner, H. B. (2007). Retinal Folds. Arch Ophthalmol 125: 1142-1142 [Full text]  
  • Levin, A. V. (2006). Retinal Hemorrhages of Crush Head Injury: Learning From Outliers. Arch Ophthalmol 124: 1773-1774 [Full text]  
  • Lueder, G. T., Turner, J. W., Paschall, R. (2006). Perimacular Retinal Folds Simulating Nonaccidental Injury in an Infant. Arch Ophthalmol 124: 1782-1783 [Full text]  
  • McNeely, P.D., Atkinson, J.D., Saigal, G., O'Gorman, A.M., Farmer, J.-P. (2006). Subdural hematomas in infants with benign enlargement of the subarachnoid spaces are not pathognomonic for child abuse.. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 27: 1725-1728 [Abstract] [Full text]  
  • Kulvichit, K. (2004). Circumpapillary Retinal Ridge in the Shaken-Baby Syndrome. NEJM 351: 2021-2021 [Full text]  
  • Spivack, B. (2004). Distinguishing Abusive from Accidental Head Trauma. AAP Grand Rounds 12: 47-47 [Full text]  
  • Miller, M., Leestma, J., Barnes, P., Carlstrom, T., Gardner, H., Plunkett, J., Stephenson, J., Thibault, K., Uscinski, R., Niedermier, J., Galaznik, J. (2004). A Sojourn in the Abyss: Hypothesis, Theory, and Established Truth in Infant Head Injury. Pediatrics 114: 326-326 [Full text]  
  • Lantz, P., Block, R. W. (2004). Junk Science and Glass Houses. Pediatrics 114: 330-330 [Full text]  
  • Reece, R. M (2004). The evidence base for shaken baby syndrome: Response to editorial from 106 doctors. BMJ 328: 1316-1317 [Full text]  
  • Geddes, J F, Plunkett, J (2004). The evidence base for shaken baby syndrome: Authors' reply. BMJ 328: 1317-1317 [Full text]  
  • Geddes, J F, Plunkett, J (2004). The evidence base for shaken baby syndrome. BMJ 328: 719-720 [Full text]  
  • Harding, B., Risdon, R A., Krous, H. F (2004). Shaken baby syndrome. BMJ 328: 720-721 [Full text]  
  • LeFanu, J., Edwards-Brown, R. (2004). Patterns of presentation of the shaken baby syndrome: Subdural and retinal haemorrhages are not necessarily signs of abuse. BMJ 328: 767-767 [Full text]  

Rapid Responses:

Read all Rapid Responses

Of course other trauma can cause retinal haemorrhage
Brett Halliday
bmj.com, 26 Mar 2004 [Full text]
apples to oranges
Heather J Lohr
bmj.com, 27 Mar 2004 [Full text]
What are your feelings on this ?
Lois Herlihy
bmj.com, 27 Mar 2004 [Full text]
Mechanism of formation of peri-macular folds
Richard M Gregson
bmj.com, 30 Mar 2004 [Full text]
Killer Televisions
Debra D. Esernio-Jenssen
bmj.com, 1 Apr 2004 [Full text]
Re: Killer Televisions - Give us a break!
Heather Lohr
bmj.com, 1 Apr 2004 [Full text]
Re: Mechanism of formation of peri-macular folds
L. Travis Haws
bmj.com, 1 Apr 2004 [Full text]
Accidental and non-accidental shaken brain injuries
Robert Sunderland
bmj.com, 2 Apr 2004 [Full text]
Re: Killer Televisions
Patrick E. Lantz
bmj.com, 3 Apr 2004 [Full text]
Is the current SBS diagnostic criteria science, or assumption?
Hilary Bulter
bmj.com, 4 Apr 2004 [Full text]
Re: Re: Killer Televisions
Heather Lohr
bmj.com, 5 Apr 2004 [Full text]
The Flying TV Syndrome
Fikri M Abu-Zidan, et al.
bmj.com, 14 Apr 2004 [Full text]
Retinal signs in shaken baby syndrome-an ophthalmologist's perspective
Scott J Robbie
bmj.com, 24 Apr 2004 [Full text]
Re: Retinal signs in shaken baby syndrome-an ophthalmologist's perspective
Heather Lohr
bmj.com, 25 Apr 2004 [Full text]



Student BMJ

Risk of surgery for inflammatory bowel disease: record linkage studies

What can you learn from this BMJ paper? Read Leanne Tite's Paper+

www.student.bmj.com

Listen to the latest BMJ Interview