Assessment of dependence and motivation to stop smoking

Introduction

Whether a smoker succeeds in stopping smoking depends on the balance between that individual's motivation to stop smoking and his or her degree of dependence on cigarettes. Clinicians must be able to assess both of these characteristics. Motivation is important because “treatments” to assist with smoking cessation will not work in smokers who are not highly motivated. Dependence is especially important in smokers who do want to stop smoking, as it influences the choice of intervention. It is also important to bear in mind that:

• Motivation to stop and dependence are often related to each other: heavy smokers may show low motivation because they lack confidence in their ability to quit; lighter smokers may show low motivation because they believe they can stop in the future if they wish

• Motivation to stop can vary considerably with time and be strongly influenced by the immediate environment

• What smokers say about their wish to stop, especially in a clinical interview, may not accurately reflect their genuine feelings.

Measuring dependence in smokers