Studies showing hyponatraemia in non-dehydrated patients with respiratory infections
| Study | No of patients | Age | Diagnosis | Exclusions | Serum sodium level (mmol/l) | Serum or urine osmolality | Symptoms associated with low sodium level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dhawan et al 19922 | 100 | 1 month-12 years | Pneumonia | Clinical dehydration | 31 patients had Na <130 | Serum dilute in 29, concentrated in 2 (probable dehydration) | 4 died, Na <125 mmol/l |
| Shann et al 19851 | 73 | ≥1 month | Pneumonia | Clinical dehydration | 33 patients had Na <134 | — | Hyponatraemia 2-3 times more frequent with severe pneumonia |
| Rivers et al 19815 | 4 | 6-8 weeks and 6 months | 3 bronchiolitis, 1 pneumonia | — | 3 patients had Na 114-124 | Concentrated urine, or not maximally dilute urine | Seizures in one patient with bronchiolitis |
